The result has been a rise in identity-based animus of one party toward the other that extends far beyond the issues. And their candidates in might seem to be running for president of different countries. As the chart above illustrates, the partisan gap in how Americans evaluate their presidents is wider now than at any time in the modern era. The U. But in recent elections, there has been a huge generation gap at the polls.
And Democrats and Republicans have become much more ideologically polarized. The same Pew Research Center study also found a doubling in the past two decades in the share of Americans with a highly negative view of the opposing party. Two-thirds of consistent conservatives and half of consistent liberals say most of their close friends share their political views.
And liberals say they would prefer to live in cities while conservatives are partial to small towns and rural areas. In their child-rearing norms, conservatives place more emphasis on religious values and obedience, while liberals are more inclined to stress tolerance and empathy. And in their news consumption habits, each group gravitates to different sources. To be clear, not all of America is divided into these hostile camps.
Even as partisan polarization has deepened, more Americans are choosing to eschew party labels. This group is heavily populated by the young, many of whom are turned off by the cage match of modern politics. No generation in history has ever been so allergic to a party label.
The most well-known example is the growth of the nonwhite population in the United States, which—since nonwhites tend to lean heavily Democratic—is typically viewed as tilting the electoral terrain somewhat toward the Democrats over time as well as increasing the weight of nonwhite voters within the Democratic Party over time. But other changes are important, such as the decline of noncollege educated voters, particularly whites; the aging of the adult population; and the rise of new generations to replace older ones.
In this report, we will explore the effect of these changes on the demographic composition of the electorate and, especially, on the composition of the two major political parties.
Reflecting the latter focus, this analysis will not focus on how many individuals from a given demographic group voted or will likely vote for the Democratic or Republican candidate in a particular election. Rather, it focuses on how many people who voted or are likely to vote for the Democratic or Republican candidate in a particular election belong to a given demographic group. While the former tells us about the political leanings of a given group, the latter answers different questions.
As we head into the presidential primaries, we are bound to observe the effects of party composition on how candidates for the presidential nomination—especially Democratic candidates, due to their intense competition for voters—position themselves to garner primary votes from different demographic groups within their party.
Our investigation turns up a number of key findings that illuminate how significantly the compositions of the Democratic and Republican parties have changed over the years and are likely to change in the future. We show that the election was the most graphically divisive election in the past 36 years. The parties were more divided by age, race, and education than in any prior election in modern political history.
Reflecting these intensifying divisions, the parties were more compositionally different in than at any point in the prior 36 years. Above all, young men and women must be seen as an asset to their society, argued Madsen. At this rate, said Madsen, Uganda will require 1. The Environmental Change and Security Program ECSP explores the connections between environmental change, health, and population dynamics and their links to conflict, human insecurity, and foreign policy.
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