Pfyffer G. Mycobacterium: General characteristics, laboratory detections, and staining procedures. In: Jorgensen et. Manual of Clinical Microbiology. Vol 1. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Wayne, PA. You may also be given a sedative to help you relax or to put you to sleep.
A bronchoscope is a long, soft tube with a magnifying glass and light on the end. Your healthcare provider will gently pass it through your nose or mouth and down into your lungs. The tube is about as wide as a pencil. Your healthcare provider will then be able to see and take samples of sputum or tissue for biopsy through the scope tube.
A nurse will observe you closely during and after the test. For safety reasons, you should have someone else drive you home. Your healthcare provider will give you a special cup to collect urine. At that time, the bacterial levels will be higher. Collecting a urine sample usually involves the following steps:. Make sure to urinate before providing a stool sample so that no urine will get into the sample.
Collecting a stool sample usually involves the following steps:. Bone marrow is the soft fatty tissue inside the larger bones. In adults, bone marrow is usually collected from the pelvis, which is the hip bone, or the sternum, which is the breastbone.
In infants and children, bone marrow is usually collected from the tibia, or shinbone. After the biopsy, you should lie down quietly until your blood pressure, heart rate, and temperature return to normal.
You should keep the site dry and covered for about 48 hours. There are several methods of skin biopsy, including shave, punch, and excisional. The shave biopsy is the least invasive technique. In this case, your doctor simply removes the outermost layers of your skin.
During a punch biopsy, your doctor removes a small round piece of skin about the size of a pencil eraser using a sharp, hollow instrument.
The area may need to be closed with stitches afterward. An excisional biopsy removes a larger area of skin. Acid-fast stain. How the Test is Performed. How to Prepare for the Test. Preparation depends on how the sample is collected. Your provider will tell you how to prepare. How the Test will Feel. Why the Test is Performed. A normal result means no acid-fast bacteria were found on the stained sample. The ZN method continues to remain a reliable and effective way to demonstrate the acid-fast bacteria, and it is used for both research and diagnostic purposes.
Researchers studying acid-fast organisms, such as members of the genus Mycobacterium and Nocardia , will use this staining technique routinely to examine sections to evaluate the bacteria in certain tissues. The AF stain is also used diagnostically by pathologists to identify these organisms, and is an especially important technique in the diagnosis of tuberculosis. It is also used in the diagnosis of other mycobacterial diseases, including leprosy due to infection with Mycobacterium leprae.
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