Seasonally: many Arctic animals, such as the arctic fox , or arctic hare. Or quickly, like the chameleon and the cuttlefish. Some herd animals, like zebra , have a pattern which makes it difficult for the predator when they are running. Mimicry is a special kind of camouflage, where an animal or plant looks like another, usually one which is unpleasant to eat or dangerous.
Most animals are dark on top and light underneath. With light coming from the sky, this countershading makes them less visible. A famous example is the Nile catfish, which swims belly uppermost. In this case, the belly is dark, and the back is light in colour. Transparent or partly transparent animals are common in the pelagic layer of the sea.
The effect of transparency or silvering works is better under water than above it. This is because the amount of light which penetrates is less and less as the depth increases.
Also, the proportion of the light reflected is much less under water 0. A mantis from Madagascar looks like a dead leaf. Zoo tiger looks striking: but in home environment it blends with the long grass. Tawny Frogmouths blend in with colour and texture of tree bark. Sydney , New South Wales , Australia. Draco indochinensis uses several methods of camouflage: disruptive colouration, lying flat, concealment of shadow.
KidzSearch Safe Wikipedia for Kids. Jump to: navigation , search. For other uses, see Camouflage disambiguation. Retrieved Mimicry in plants and animals. Camouflage and mimicry. Adaptive colouration in animals.
Methuen, London. Crypsis in the pelagic environment. American Zoologist. Hidden in plain sight: the ecology and physiology of organismal transparency. Biological Bulletin , 3, — Most animals are dark on top and light underneath. With light coming from the sky, this countershading makes them less visible. That this is the correct explanation is proved by cases where the animal lives upside down.
A famous example is the Nile catfish, which swims belly uppermost. In this case, the belly is dark, and the back is light in colour. Transparent or partly transparent animals are common in the pelagic layer of the sea.
These are the layers into which light penetrates. The effect of transparency or silvering works is better under water than above it. This is because the amount of light which penetrates is less and less as the depth increases. Also, the proportion of the light reflected is much less under water 0. A mantis from Madagascar looks like a dead leaf. Zoo tiger looks striking: but in home environment it blends with the long grass.
Tawny Frogmouths blend in with colour and texture of tree bark. Sydney , New South Wales , Australia. Draco indochinensis uses several methods of camouflage: disruptive colouration, lying flat, concealment of shadow. Octopuses like this Octopus cyanea can change colour and shape for camouflage. Experiment by Poulton, swallowtailed moth pupae with camouflage they acquired as larvae. Abbott Thayer's painting Peacock in the Woods depicted a peacock as if it were camouflaged.
The leafy sea dragon sways like seaweeds to reinforce its camouflage. Four frames of the same peacock flounder taken a few minutes apart, showing its ability to match its coloration to the environment. Principle of counter-illumination in the firefly squid. Glass frogs like Hyalinobatrachium uranoscopum use partial transparency for camouflage in the dim light of the rainforest.
The adult herring, Clupea harengus , is a typical silvered fish of medium depths, camouflaged by reflection. Blackdevil anglerfish is one of several deep-sea fishes camouflaged against very dark water with a black dermis. The zebra 's bold pattern may induce motion dazzle in observers. Roman ships, depicted on a 3rd-century AD sarcophagus. Bright green katydid has the colour of fresh vegetation.
Jumping spider : a disruptively camouflaged invertebrate predator. Many understory plants such as the saw greenbriar, Smilax bona-nox have pale markings, possibly disruptive camouflage. The flat-tail horned lizard 's body is flattened and fringed to minimise its shadow. Norwegian volunteer soldiers in Winter War , , with white camouflage overalls over their uniforms. Veiled chameleon, Chamaeleo calyptratus , changes colour mainly in relation to mood and for signalling.
Countershaded grey reef shark , Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos. Two model birds painted by Thayer: painted in background colours on the left, countershaded and nearly invisible on the right. HMS Largs by night with incomplete diffused lighting camouflage, , set to maximum brightness. Bulwark of HMS Largs showing 4 of about 60 diffused lighting fittings, 2 lifted, 2 deployed.
Yehudi Lights raise the average brightness of the plane from a dark shape to the same as the sky. This grasshopper hides from predators by mimicking a dry leaf. Armed WW1 Q-ship lured enemy submarines by mimicking a merchantman. Cuckoo adult mimics sparrowhawk, giving female time to lay eggs parasitically. Austro-Hungarian ski patrol in two-part snow uniforms with improvised head camouflage on Italian front, A Spitfire's underside 'azure' paint scheme, meant to hide it against the sky.
A Luftwaffe aircraft hangar built to resemble a street of village houses, Belgium, Red Army soldiers in the Battle of Stalingrad in snow camouflage overalls, January British Disruptive Pattern Material, issued to special forces in and universally by
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